Die-casting machine



A. HAKANSON.

DIE CASTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18. 1919.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920'.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

I Q o C) N WWW/Am, WNVENTOR, BY HIS ATTORNEY A. HAKANSON.

DIE CASTING MACHINE.

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DIE CASTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I8. 1919. 1,338,622. 4 en ed Apr. 27, 1920.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W WQ/AQ YLAW,

INVENTOR, BY HIS ATTORNEY A. HAKANSON.

DIE CASTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 18, I919.

Patented Apr. 27, 1920.

4 SHEETS SHEET 4.

W WOW,

INVENTOR, BY HIS ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED HAKANSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CHA'II-IAM DIE CASTING 00., INQ, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

DIE-CASTING MACHINE.

Application filed June 18,

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALFRED HAKANSON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of 832 42nd street, Brookl n, in the county of Kings and State of provements in Die-Casting Machines, of which the following is a'specification.

This invention relates to die casting machines, and especially that class wherein the hydraulic ram of the machine is adjustable at one end thereof in height and angle and movably supported at the other end upon a stand, and further including a movable and detached fire-box and melting pot unit. The main objects of my invention are to provide in a die casting apparatus a detachable ladle mechanism situated optionally upon the front or the side of the machine, a webbed integral ladle, an independent fire-box, and a powerful and efficient hydraulic ram. A further object is to provide a die casting machine composed of three separable and distinct units, namely the ladle mechanism, the fire-box, and the hydraulic ram.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will become apparent as this specification proceeds.

Referring to the drawings Figure l is a side view of an apparatus embodying the present invention, the ladle 12 being shown in vertical longitudinal section along the near side of its web 2, and other parts also being in section to expose their relative positions.

Fig. 2 is a similar view with the movable parts in different operative positions.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1, except the position of lever 31, and the omission of valve 3.

Fig. 4 is a side view of ladle 12 in which has been inserteda solid plug 32.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of semi-rotary pneumatic motor 21 of Fig. 3 on line 15.

Fig. 6 is a view of the forward end of the ram as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 with the fire-box 23 and the ladle mechanism situated upon the side of the machine.

Fig. 7 is a rear view of Fig. 4:.

Fig. 8 is a view of part 5 of Figs. 1, 2, 3

and 6.

Throu hout the several views like refer- Specification of Letters Patent.

ew York, have invented certain new and useful Im- .matic motor .21.

Patented Apr. 27, 19.20.

1919. Serial No. 305,061.

ence numerals refer to the same or duplicate parts.

Experience in the art of die casting has shown that there are several difficulties to contend with in retaining die casting machines in perfect condition and doing full time work. Chief of these difficulties seems 'to be the present construction of the ma chines which renders them too easily affected by the great heat radiating from the fire-box and melting pot necessitating frequent renewal of parts or repair work. As it is well understood that the cause of the trouble is the high temperature necessarily used to' keep the casting metal in molten condition, it is'proposed to improve not merely the construction of the die-casting machine but to relocate the moving parts in such relations and positionsas to be practically unaffected and normal in spite of the heat of the fire-box.

' In the practice of my invention, I employ a vertical die-plate 1 pivotally supported upon a stand 28 by passing a shaft 29 through the holes provided for the urpose. Near the corners of the die-plate our tierods 16, 16 are secured, connected at their other extremities to the casting of pneu- The latter is supported upon its lower extension 37 by the pivot 43 which is supported in the base 30, the nut above the latter forming in combination with a thread on the pivot an adjusting means for the height of the motor end of the machine.

A movable die-plate 18 is slidably mounted on the tie rods 16 and is connected to arms 20, 20 or motor 21 b links 19, 19'. The intake at 36 is connecte to an air tank or compressor, so that when valve 34 is in the position illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 5, the sector 9 will remain as illustrated in Fig. 5. If the lever 31 is drawn a quarter turn toward the operator, the slots in the valve will reverse connections with the 'motor and the air from pipe 36 will pass into the upper channels of themotor casting 21 and rotate sector 9counter clockwise down into space 44, the air from the latter exhausting out through vent 35. As the arms 20, 20' are keyed to the shaft ofsector 9, they. will now have moved to a position illustrated in Fig. 2, the links 19,19 hav ing drawn movable die-plate toward the motor and opened die 17. If it is desired to close the die, all that is necessary is to push the valve lever 31 back to its former position. It is thus seen that motor 21 is really a' semi-rotary oscillating pneumatic motor, which is milder in its action at the end of the stroke when closing the die than a direct acting hydraulic piston, as the latter always imparts the same speed to a movable die-plate throughout the stroke and tends to terminate the stroke in a violent blow.

Turning again to the forward end of the machine, of which the ram unit has just been described, a fire-box 23 is rolled up as close to stand 28 asit will go. In Figs. 1 and 2, a portion of the fire box is removed to expose melting pot 24 which latter is also in section, showing the level of the molten metal 13. In practice, the melting pot is supported beneath its rim by small cleats or studs resting on the fire-box, but for the sake of clearness, they have been omitted from the views.

It may be mentioned also, that the heating means has been omitted as being superfluous of illustration, it being, of course, understood that fire-box 23 is adapted to contain a heating element and to concentrate its action on the melting pot inthe manner both well known and customary in the trade. I

Proceeding to the third part of my invention, a block 8 is secured to die-plate 1, and is provided upon its upper portion with a rearward extension over shoulder'l l, the

top of the die-plate having a set screw 45 which contacts with the bottom of the mentioned shoulder and b which block 8 and all attached parts may e adjusted in height. Further a hollow shaft shown in Figs. 1 and 2 bearing an air valve 3 upon its near end passes through the upper portion of block 8 and supports upper links 1 and 10. From the lower portion of the same block a pair of extensions project forwardly and support the shaft rotated by lever 22. This latter shaft provides a pivot for links 6, 6 and has a short arm 0 rigidly secured to it. The outer ends of the links 1, 10, 6 and 6' bear shafts which pass through the upper portion of web 2 to which ladle 12 is attached, the upper hollow shaft passing through hub. 3, and the longer shaft 7 through hub 7'. Further connection to web 2 above the ladle is made by adjustable links 5, and 5' whose shaft 4 passes through but 4', the inner ends 46 of these links being connected to arm 0 of the lever shaft. If the lever 22 is now slowly drawn forward and down till it reaches aposition seen in Fig. 2, the arm 0 will draw down the ladle from die-plate 1 by means of links 5, 5' to the position shown in the mentioned figure.

and. instantly congeals.

This resultant position of the ladle is brought about by the slightly different length of the upper and lower pairs of links, causin the nose 33 of the ladle to dip sufiiciently under the surface of the metal to avoid being charged with the oxidized. poor metal floating on top. Upon being raised from the metal bath, whatever poor metal may have entered, will pour out before the nose of the ladle meets the die. It may be mentioned also that the very core of this invention is primarily the construction of the ladle which provides for an integral web between the ends, rendering the ladle unaffected by heat, as the bearings in the web extension and the parts composing the ladle mechanism are out of range of the action of the heat. The blocks 41 in links 5 and 5 may be adjusted by the setscrewsshown and thereby adjust the final position of the ladle 12.

In order to force the metal into the die, connection is made by piping not illustrated, to air valve 3. When the lever of this valve occupies the rearward position shown in Fig. 1 the air passes through the shaft upon which the valve is secured,

through link 10 and into link 1. Thence the air rises upward in the same link and out into the T 27, down through pipe 25 and in through the elbow 26 into the large end of the ladle. When the valve is closed as in Fig. 2, and the ladle lowered into the from the vent in the ladle, removing the pressure from the contained metal. The operation of the stopper is controlled by a cam 38 on the shaft of lever 22, the cam being adapted to engage the inner end of stopper arm 11 when the lever is raised to vertical position.

In operating the machine, the starting position may be taken as illustrated in Fig. 2. First the die is closed by pushing lever 31 to the right. Then lever 22 is drawn around clock-wise two thirds of a revolution into vertical position tillthe nose of melting pot, stopper 42 will be released the ladle meets the receiving end of the die,

and then the air is turned on at valve 3. Metal is immediately forced into the die Valve 3 is turned oil", then the ladle is again lowered into the'melting-pot by means of lever 22, and the die opened by turning valve 34. When the castinghas been removed from the die, the foregoing operations maybe repeated in the same order indefinitely.

In Fig. 6 the ladle mechanism has been mounted on one side of the machine, being secured to the tie-rods upon the left side of die-p1ate 1 and upon the tie rods on the same side by a new casting 10.

It is to be noted that one of the means that I employ to avoid heating the machine is the provision of a distinct and separate fire-box having no permanent connection with the machine through which heat might be conducted.-

This position of the ladle mechanism permits the ladle to inject metal along the line of cleavage of the die, the view exposing the now unused front port 39 in the dieplate. It is, of course within the scope of my invention to change the proportionate lengths of the links supporting the ladle so as to submerge either end of the ladle first, or to equalize the links so that both extremities of the ladle submerge simultaneously. The principle involved is the same in all such modifications. It is, of course, optional to use a stopper in combination with an orifice through the plug as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 6, and I may insert a solid plug 32 in the large end of the ladle and use the common expedient of a double acting valve to release the air from the ladle when ready to draw away from the die. I furthermore deem it within my invention to omit both the hollow and solid plugs and simply use a larger stopperdirectly to the opening in the large end of the ladle.

Having thus fully described my invention,

I desire to secure by U. S. Letters Patent.

1. A die casting ladle'including a web uniting the major extremity thereof with the doubled portion of the same, leaving the smaller nozzle extremity of said ladle free, and means connected exclusively to said web to determine the movements of said ladle.

2. A die-casting machine including a ladle provided with a web uniting the ends thereof, an extension upon said web, a pair of spaced parallel shafts passing transversely through said extension across the longitudinal plane of said ladle there being a vent in each extremity of said ladle, and

an auxiliary side vent in one of said extremities.

3. A die-casting machine including a ladle provided at its major end with an air inlet and a smaller air vent, and at the other end with the usual metal outlet.

4. A die casting machine including a ladle provided with a web extending from the main body portion thereof, a link con-' nected to a portion of said web, and auxiliary. means to move and control said ladle including a different link connected at one end to a different part of said web and at the other end to an outside movable point.

5. A die casting machine provided with 'a webbed ladle having an extension from said web, a link connected at one end to said machine and at the other end to said web extension, and an adjustable link similarly connected to another part of said web and by its other extremity to an arm secured to a rotatable shaft.

6. In a die-casting mechanism comprising a ladle having a web between its extremities, a pair of parallel links including said web between their outer ends and a second pair webbed ladle supported at two separate points upon the web thereof by links operating from stationary pivots upon said mechanism, a third link connected at one end to said web, and connected at its other end to an arm secured to a rotatable shaft.

8. A die casting machine including a webbed ladle having an extension from said web, a pair of parallel links connected to a part of said extension and at their other extremities to a stationary part of said ma chine, a second pair of parallel links connected to a different part of said extension and to a different part of said machine, a rotatable shaft provided with a rigid arm and a link connecting said arm and said web extension.

9. A die casting machine includinga ladle provided with a web connecting portions thereof with one another, a link connected to said machine and at its other end includ ing a bearing block, a shaft passing through said block and said web, and adjusting means in said link for said block comprising screws securing the latter in said link.

10. A die casting machine including a webbed ladle having an extension to project from said web, a pair of parallel links connected to said extension and at their other extremities to a part of said machine, a-sec- 0nd similar pair of links similarly connected to a different part of said extension and to a different part of said machine, an adjustable link also connected to a different portion of said web extension and with its other extremity to an arm secured to a rota-- table shaft, there being a hand lever upon said shaft to' operate the above described mechanism.

11. A die-casting machine including a ladle supported by a hollow link, a hollow shaft-passing through said link and communicating with the interior thereof, a sec- 0nd hollow shaft passing through the other extremity of said link and through an extension of said ladle and also communicating with the interior of said link and a pipe connected to said second shaft and to the large end of said ladle providing a passage from said first shaft to said ladle for compressed air,

12. A die-casting machine including. a ladle mechanism wherein a ladle is movably supported, an arm mounted on said machine and provided with a stopper at one end to close an orifice in the major end of said ladle and a cam upon a rotatable shaft adapted to engage the other end of said arm to close or open said ladle orifice.

13. A die-casting machine including a ladle provided with an extension thereon engaged by three shafts a pair of parallel links connected on either side of said extension to oneof said shafts and at their other extremities to said machine, a second pair of links similarly connected to another of said shafts on either side of said extension and to said machine, a third pair of linkseach provided with an adjustable block mounted on the remaining shaft oneither side of said extension, and an arm rigidly mounted on a rotatable shaft connected to the other extremities of said adjustable links between the same, providing as a whole a means for raising and lowering said ladle through. a limited path.

14. A die-casting machine including a horizontally arranged hydraulic ram supported beneath the air chamber thereof upon a vertical adjustable pillar supported upon a base and upon a horizontal shaft passing through a portion of the stationary diegripping plate pertaining thereto. and a bearin stand for said shaft.

15. die-casting machine including a ladle mechanism supported by a block detachably mounted upon the stationary die gripping plate of said machine, adapted in said position to feed metal from a ladle through said plate, and being also adapted for mounting upon the side of said plate at right angles to and behind the stated normal position and in said modified position adapted to feed metal from a ladle to a die alon the line of cleavage of the same. a

16. A die-casting machine including a hydraulic ram comprising a semi-rotary oscillating motor arranged with its axis transverse to the line of motion of said ram,

. and means for imparting the motion of the internal segment thereof to the movable dieplate of the said ram.

17. A die-casting machine including in the hydraulic ram thereof a semi-rotary pneumatic motor provided interiorly with an oscillating sector mounted upon a shaft, arms secured upon the extremities of said shaft, and links connecting said arms and the movable die-plate of said ram.

18. A die-casting machine comprising a hydraulic ram, a ladle mechanism mounted entirely upon the forward portion of said ram, and an independent shiftable fire-box and melting pot void of any connection with said ram or said ladle mechanism.

Signed at 132 Nassau street, in the borough of Manhattan, county of New York,

city and State of New York, this 14th day i of June, 1919.

ALFRED HAKANSON.

Witnesses:

ELIAS JOHNSON, AxEL SOHURZ. 

